Sandstone, the sedimentary rock is composed of small grains
cemented by silica, with felspathic, or calcareous cementing
material. Sandstone is mostly formed in layers and has varied
applications as building stones. The formation of sandstone is a
result of consolidation of sand and held together by a natural
cement, such as silica. The consolidation takes place when the
masses of sand are deposited by wind, water or other natural
forces. The durability of rock depends on the cementing material.
Being homogeneous and soft, sandstone can be easily carved and
chiseled into various artifacts. The color of the rock is largely
determined by the cementing material – iron oxides for example
produces red or reddish-brown sandstone, and the other materials
produce sandstone in the shades white, gray or yellow.